Evolve HESI Practice Exam

When assessing a NPO client’s fluid and electrolyte balance, which value is least critical for the nurse to monitor?

1. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

2. Serum glucose level

3. Serum potassium level

4. Weight

The correct answer is: Weight

In the context of a client who is NPO (nothing by mouth), monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance is essential. The values assessed are important indicators of the client's hydration status and overall metabolic function. Weight is certainly a useful measure when assessing fluid status, but it may not be as immediately critical as the other laboratory values listed. It is often influenced by factors such as recent food or fluid intake, fluctuations in body water content, and other variables that might not directly reflect the immediate electrolyte balance or renal function of an NPO client. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a crucial parameter because elevated levels can indicate dehydration or impaired kidney function, both of which are significant risks in an NPO patient. Serum glucose levels are monitored closely, especially since fasting can affect a patient's blood sugar, and hypo- or hyperglycemia can lead to serious complications. Serum potassium levels are critical too, as they directly affect cardiac function and neuromuscular stability; any imbalance can lead to dangerous arrhythmias or muscle weakness. Therefore, while monitoring weight is relevant and can provide information about fluid status over time, it is the least critical compared to the more direct implications of the other values.