Evolve HESI Practice Exam

Where should the nurse place the stethoscope to best hear abnormal heart sounds?

1. Over the left lung field

2. On the client's back near the spine

3. Over the valvular areas of the anterior chest

4. On the client's abdomen

The correct answer is: Over the valvular areas of the anterior chest

Placing the stethoscope over the valvular areas of the anterior chest is the most effective method for hearing abnormal heart sounds because this location directly corresponds to the anatomical positions of the heart valves. The four key areas to auscultate on the anterior chest are the aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid, and mitral regions, each associated with distinct heart sounds and function. When assessing heart sounds, the nurse focuses on these areas to detect any abnormalities such as murmurs or unusual vibrations, which may indicate underlying issues such as valve disorders or heart rhythm irregularities. Adequate placement is essential to accurately assess the heart’s function and detect signs of cardiovascular problems. While other locations such as the lung fields, the spine, or the abdomen might yield sounds from other physiological processes, they do not provide the appropriate context for evaluating heart sounds specifically. Therefore, targeting the thoracic area where the heart valves are located allows for the most precise and relevant auscultation of heart sounds related to the cardiovascular system.